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Coffee Bean Types: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica, and Excelsa If you're a fan of coffee you're likely to know that different varieties of beans can produce different flavors. Learn about four of the most common varieties: Arabica. Robusta. Liberica. and Excelsa. Excelsa beans are a kind of Liberica, are grown exclusively in Southeast Asia. They have a fruitier and more tart flavor profile and are frequently used in blends of coffee to add depth. Arabica Arabica coffee beans make up 75% of the global production. Arabica beans are milder and sweeter than Robusta and come in different flavors. The taste and aroma components of a coffee can vary widely depending on the growing conditions and methods of processing used to produce it. The word “coffee” originates from the Arabic word meaning berry. Coffee beans are actually seeds which grow within bright red berries. It is believed that the ancient Ethiopian shepherds noticed that their goats became stimulated after eating these berries, and that the cultivation of coffee quickly began to spread throughout the world. Coffee beans can be grown at higher altitudes, and they are able to thrive when exposed to cool temperatures and plenty of rain. This is the reason Arabica coffee is considered to be the most delicious kind of coffee. Many specialty coffee shops and roasters concentrate on ethical sourcing of arabica beans. They focus on fair wages for farmers and sustainable farming practices. These companies typically blend arabica beans to make unique signature coffees that are well-suited for a wide range of brewing methods. Blending allows for control over the aroma, flavor and body as well as the acidity of the coffee. It is usually preferred to achieve an even and consistent taste that appeals to a larger market. Robusta Robusta beans are the second-most popular type of coffee bean in the world. They have more caffeine per bean and are more protected against pests and diseases. They also contain higher levels of chlorogenic acids, which are antioxidants naturally found in. These acids can cause oxidation during the brewing process, and can result in undesirable flavors. The plant is more resilient than the arabica and can grow in less favorable conditions. It can tolerate warmer temperatures and thrives in direct sunlight. It produces more coffee per plant and is growing faster than arabica. This makes it a more economically viable crop to cultivate. While it may seem counterintuitive Robusta beans are typically combined with arabica to create coffee blends. If you see names like Uganda or Kenya on the bag of coffee, it's possible that there's also some robusta. Although some roasters exclusively use arabica beans, most do mix the two varieties in order to cut costs and maintain the quality. To preserve the flavor integrity you must select the best quality beans from a reliable source. The best way to achieve this is to purchase your beans directly from the farmer. Liberica Liberica beans are more or less football-shaped, which makes them distinct from other coffee bean varieties. They have a unique aroma that is fruity and floral with smokey undertones. They are added to other coffee bean types to give them a more rounded and more robust flavor. Liberica coffee beans are grown in West Africa and Malaysia (Borneo) as well as in Southeast Asia. They can thrive in low altitudes and withstand hot, humid climates. They are also more resistant to diseases than Arabica or Robusta. These characteristics make them ideal for growing at home. buy coffee beans near me , you can buy the seeds from various sources. However, it is best to buy the beans from local producers to ensure high-quality. The ideal conditions for growing Liberica coffee plants include fertile deep volcanic soils that have a moderately acidic pH and sufficient annual rainfall. Excelsa is a different variety of coffee bean. It was originally classified as a separate species, but has now been classified as a Liberica variant. These coffee beans are ovals that are grown on large 20 to 30 feet coffee plants that are located at medium altitudes. They have a unique taste that is both fruity and tart, which has made them a sought-after selection in blends for house. They have a less pronounced aroma and higher caffeine content that is lower than Arabica or Robusta but they do have a unique depth of flavor. Excelsa Although they're the fourth most coveted type of coffee beans Excelsa beans aren't quite as easily accessible as Arabica or Robusta. In fact, they were considered distinct species of coffee until 2006 when they were classified as a synonym for Coffea liberica var. dewevrei. Currently, they're cultivated primarily in Southeast Asia and account for 7% of the world's production of coffee. These beans have a distinctive teardrop shape and have an intriguing dark flavor. These beans are often used to give blends additional body and a rich tart taste of ripe fruit. Arabica beans are the most popular, and are renowned for having a an apricot-like flavor. They thrive at higher altitudes, and they thrive in warm tropical climates. They have a slight acidity. If brewed correctly and roast, they can have notes of chocolate, nuts, or even fruit. Robusta is a close second only to Arabica and is responsible for about 40 percent of the world's beans. These beans are smaller and rounder however they have twice the amount of caffeine as Arabica. They also have more bitterness than the other two varieties, and tend to have earthy and woody undertones. After having learned about the four most popular varieties and their characteristics, it's time to select the best brew. If you're looking for a silky and delicate taste, go for an arabica bean or a blend of robusta and arabica beans.